Hypodermic syringe



Oct. 8, 1935. 5. J. EVERETT HYPODERMIC SYRINGE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledFeb. 3, 1932 S. J. EVERETT HYPODERMIC SYRINGE Oct. 8, 1935.

Filed Feb. 3, 1932 2 sneaks-sh et 2 Patented Oct. 8, 1935 monmmno s'mmenSamuel James Everett, Thornton Heath,

- England Application February a, 1932, Serial No. 590,740

- In Great Britain May 4, 1931 2 Claims. (01. 128- 221) This inventioncomprises improvements in hypodermic syringes and in interchangeableneedles for use therewith, said syringes being provided with means forsecuring a needle head-piece to the nozzle part of the syringe.

One object of this invention is to provide an inexpensive and simpleneedle-mounting arrangement whereby a satisfactory tight joint betweenthe needle and syringe and adequate support for the needle are ensured.A further object of the invention is to provide a needlemountingarrangement which permits of :the satisfactory bending of needles by theuser to suit particular purposes. A third object is to avoidcontaminatory contact between the needle and nozzle part or clampingpart of the syringe during insertion or'removal of a needle.

Various embodiments of the invention will now be described by way ofexample with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure lis a longitudinal section of one-embodiment of syringe and needle,Figure 2 a longitudinal section, at right angles to Figure 1, of aclamping nipple, Figures 3 and 4 are elevations of alternativeembodiments, Figure 5 is an elevation of a bent needle, Figures 68 arelongitudinal sections of modified forms of needle, Figures 9 and 10 arefront and side elevations of an alternative form of clamping nipple.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the hypodermic needle I is provided at itsblunt end with a mounting of p-lasticmetal, such as pewter, consistingof a head portion 2 and an elongated neck portion 3 of less diameterthan said head portion. A substantial lengthof the needle I ispermanently embedded in the mounting which is preferably formed upon andattached to said needle by a die casting, die pressing or likeoperation. The head 2 is shaped to fit in a complementary lodgement orcavity ,4 in a nipple 5 which is internally. threaded to screw on anexternally threaded nozzle part 6. Said head, moreover, presents abevelled shoulder I designed to lodge firmly in the lower part of thecavity 4 and a conical upper p-ortion'8 for abutting against the flatlower end-face 9 of the nozzle 6. To permit of insertion of the needleland .mounting 2, 3, the nipple 5 has a lateral aperture consisting of acircular orifice I0 sufficiently large to pass the head 2 and a slot IIsufficiently wide to pass the neck 3 into a throat II below the cavity4. To mount a needle I on a. syringe nozzle 6, the mounting 2, 3 isinserted laterally in the aperture I0, II, the nipple 5 being in such aposition that the nozzle face 9 isclear of the orifice Ill.

The head 2 is then moved longitudinally into the cavity 4. The slot I Ibeing of less size than the diameter of the head 2, said head finds afirm lodgement in the cavity 4. The nipple 5 is then screwed on to thenozzle 6 until the upper por- 5 tion 8 of the head is tightly clampedagainst the nozzle face 9. Owing to the plasticity of the mounting, aperfectly liquid tight joint is obtained. Instead of being fiat, thenozzle face 9 may be conically recessed. 10

.As will be seen, the blunt end of the needle does not come rightthrough to the upper end of the mounting, but has its canula extended bya passage I2 in the mounting, said passage flaring upwardly from saidcanula to the bore I3 of the nozzle 6. If the mounting is die-cast, thisflared passage I2 can be produced by inserting a removable tapered corein the blunt end of the needle and casting the mounting around this.Said flared passage facilitates the insertion in the needle of a wirefor cleaning the same in. well known manner.

As the canula of the needle, extended by the passage I2, communicatesdirectly with the bore I3 of the nozzle 6, there will be no loss of theinjected liquid such as is occasioned in arrangements wherein saidcanula and bore open into opposite sides of an intermediate cavity.Accurate dosage is thus ensured,

' As shown in Figure l, the nozzle 6 takes the form of an adaptorinternally threaded at I4 so that it can be screwed upon a syringe ofexisting type to adapt the latter for use with needles I--3 such as havebeen described. Such adaptors will be comparatively accurately made toensure a 35 liquid tight joint with the syringe and to prevent loss ofinjection liquid. Alternatively the nozzle may form an integral orpermanent component of the syringe as shown at 6 in Figures 3 and 4.

Figure 3 illustrates an arrangement embodying a double-ended needle I'for use with a cartridge or phial syringe, such as a so-called Cookstype syringe. A mounting 2, 3- similar to that just described isattached to the needle I at a point between its two sharp ends. To allowof the lateral insertion of the upper part of the needle If, the nipple5 is slotted at I5 and the nozzle 6' at I6 whilst the lower part I! ofthe syringe body. or cartridge container is rather more widely slottedat I8. A cartridge I9 and end closure 20 are indicated diagrammatically.The mounting 2, 3 is clamped. in position as inthe previous example andthe syringe can thenbe employed in the usual fashion. 1

In Figure 4 the head and neck portions 2, 3 of the mounting are ofslightly modified shapes, the aperture III, II and the lodgement 4being, accordingly, also somewhat modified. The liquid tight joint is,moreover, obtained in a difierent fashion: The upper end of the head 2is fiat and contacts with the flat end face 9 of the syringe nozzle 6'.The needle I extends right through the mounting and a projecting portion2| extends into the bore l3 of the nozzle. This arrangement also gives agood liquid-tight joint.

With such a mounting, wherein the needle l is tightly embedded in theneck 3, it is a simple matter to bend the needle in said neck to anyangle (Figure 5) required for diflicult injection operations such asarise, more particularly, in dental practice. Moreover, the needleretains the bent or curved shape which it is thereby given. Even hardneedles can be bent in such mountings in spite of the danger that theymay break when bent: For since the needle is embedded in the mounting, aliquid tight joint is maintained in the event of such breakage whilst alumen through the needle is still secured.

- As will be observed, all the modifications described have theadvantage that the needle I can be mounted on the syringe without itbeing necessary to pass the needle point through any narrow bore ororifice which might contaminate said point. Similarly the needle can beremoved without contaminating the syringe or nipple. Consequently asurgeon making many injections, particularly in cases of emergency, caninitially sterilize the syringe, insert a needle and make an injection,remove the needle without contaminating the syringe, insert a freshsterile needle and make a further injection in a perfectly asepticmanner, repeating the operation as often as may be desired without anynecessity for re-sterilizing the syringe itself. In the case of a doubleended needle I (Figure 3) the pointed end of the needle which enters thesyringe can also be inserted laterally, through the wide slot 18,without contamination. Thus a sterile cartridge or phial and a sterileneedle may be used for each operation without the necessity ofsterilizing the syringe before each such operation.

Furthermore, the rigid and secure manner in which the needle is heldobviates any possibility of the needle wabbling or slipping and permitsof very accurate incision. No loss of rigidity is experienced where aneedle is bent as in Figure 5. Finally a good liquid-tight connection ismade between the needle and syringe, escape of the injection liquid andinaccurate dosage being thereby prevented. Moreover the nipple and thesyringe nozzle and butt remain clean so that there is little risk ofcontamination in this way.

For some purposes, for example where it is not of essential importancethat the needle should be capable of being bent, it may be preferred tomake the mounting of harder metal, such as brass, and to provide it, atthe end seating against the nozzle-face 9, with a facing or washer ofsofter plastic metal such as pewter. Two forms of such needle are showninFigures 6 and '7. In Figure 6 the needle proper l extends up into thefacing 22 of plastic metal, whereas in Figure 7 it only extends a partof the way into the neck portion 3 of the mounting. In anothermodification (Figure 8), the head portion 2 of a plastic metal mountingis encased in a shell 23 of harder metal.

In place of the screw connection shown in Figures l-4 for securing thenipple 5 to the nozzle 6, l which is preferred for practical reasons, it

would naturally be possible to use other well known devices for bringingone part tightly against another. For example, the nipple might beengaged by toggle or cam means on the syringe body. An arrangement ofthe latter type is 5 shown in Figures 9 and 10. In this arrangement,

a stirrup shaped member 25 having its inturned ends 26 pivotally mountedin the nozzle 6 is bent to form a pair of shoulders 21 arranged toengage under an annular abutment 28 provided on the 10 nipple 5'. Theinturned ends 26 pass through slots 30 in the nipple. If the member 25is turned down to the left in Figure 9, it leaves the nipple free to be,lowered to allow of the lateral insertion of the head portion of aneedle mounting through 15 the aperture I0. On turning the member 25back into the position shown in Figures 9 and 10, the nipple 5' israised by the camming action of the member 25 on the abutment 28, theseating face of the mounting being thereby forced tightly 20 against theend of the nozzle 6. Owing to the slight resultant crushing at saidseating face and to the fact that the abutment 28 bears flat on thesubstantially horizontal shoulders 21, the arrangement is practicallyself-locking. 25

I claim. i

1. In a hypodermic syringe, a nozzle, an interchangeable needle mountinghaving an axial passage therethrough, said mounting comprising acylindrical head portion and a slender neck por- 30 tion of plasticmetal extending from said head portion and embedding the needle over asubstantial portion of its length, said head portion being formedwith'an end face adapted for sealing engagement with said nozzle andhaving a shoulder 35 at the other end surrounding said neck portion, aclamping nipple adjustably secured to said nozzle having an axiallydisposed cylindrical cavity formed therein sized to fit said head andhaving a seat formed at the bottom thereof for said 40 shoulder, saidnipple having a lateral orifice above said cavity large enough to passthe head portion of said mounting laterally, and having a slot whichextends from said orifice to the extremity of said nipple and is inlateral communication 45 with said cavity, said slot being smaller thansaid orifice and large enough to pass only the slender neck portion ofsaid mounting laterally, whereby said head portion must be moved axiallyinto position in said cavity after being passed laterally 50 throughsaid orifice and the walls of said cavity will afford lateral supportfor said head portion to hold the needle mounting firmly in positionduring bending of the protruding portion of the needle and use of thesyringe. 55

2. In a hypodermic syringe, a nozzle, a double ended needle, a mountingfor said needle in which the latter is embedded intermediate its ends,said mounting comprising a cylindrical head portion and a slender neckportion of plastic metal ex- 00 tending from said head portion towardone'end of the needle, said head portion being formed with an end faceadapted for sealing engagement with said nozzle and having a shoulder atthe other end surrounding said neck portion, a clamping nipple 5adjustably secured to said nozzle having an axially disposed cylindricalcavity formed therein sized to fit said head and having a seat formed atthe bottom thereof for said shoulder, said nipple having a lateralorifice above said cavity large enough 70 to pass the head portion ofsaid mounting laterally, and having a slot which extends from saidorifice to one extremity of said nipple and is in. lateral communicationwith said cavity, said slot being smaller than said orifice and largeenough 75 to pass only the slender neck portion of said mountinglaterally, said nipple having a second slot extending longitudinallyfrom said orifice to the other end of the nipple and large enough topass the other end of the needle laterally, whereby said head portionmust be moved axially into position in said cavity after being passedlaterally through said orifice and the walls or said cavity will affordlateral support for said head portion to hold the needle mounting firmlyin position during bending of the protruding portion of the needle anduse of the syringe.

SAMUEL JAMES EVERETT.

